identity n. 身份
ancient adj.远古的, 旧的
decorate vt.装饰;点缀
clay n.粘土, 泥土
Roman adj.罗马的, 罗马人的 n.罗马人
Rome n.罗马(意大利首都)
Indeed adv.真正地, (加强语气)确实
Text 课文
How did the archaeologists know that the statue was a goddess?
Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island
of Kea.
some time 1>经过若干时间 2>在未来的某时
sometime adv.在某一时候, 曾经, 有一天
sometimes adv.不时, 有时
中文习惯用主动语态。
英文习惯用被动语态。以事件、结果、影响、效果为主语,强调对客观事实的陈述。
An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of
Ayia Irini.
which引导定语从句,修饰限定temple。(which = that)
stand(不及物) = lie(不及物) 位于
= situate(及物) 使位于, 使处于
= locate(及物) 使...坐落于, 位于
which stands in... = which lies in… = which is located in… = which is situated in...
Stand 1 >身高 2>表示高高坐落于, 矗立于
-- She stands 1.75m. 她身高1.75米
-- A great tree stands on the mount. 一棵大树竖立在山上。
The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.
for 引导原因状语从句:对主句的附加说明和解释,提供更多的信息。
because 引导原因状语从句:强调原因。
-- The day broke for the birds were singing.
at one time 表达曾经, 一度(过去时态的标志, = once)
must have been 对过去事实肯定的推测
enjoyed a high level of civilization 享有高度文明
Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of stone. They had large rooms with
beautifully decorated walls.
With… 具有…
-- a young man with broad shoulders / an old lady with black hair
beautifully decorated 过去分词做定语
-- a beautifully dressed lady 衣着漂亮的女士
-- a deserted car park 废弃的停车场
-- a white painted door 被刷成白色的门
现在分词做定语, 被修饰词与修饰词之间为逻辑主动关系
-- a boy climbing the tree 正在爬树的男孩
-- the students reading in the room 正在房间里读书的学生
The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found
beneath the narrow streets.
be equipped with 配备, 装备 (equip vt.装备, 配备)
air conditioning 空气调节装置 / air conditioner 空气调节机, 空调设备
-- The car was equipped with air conditioning.
for 引导原因状语从句
在正下方:Beneath = under
-- beneath the narrow streets = under the narrow streets
-- He is standing under/beneath the umbrella.
在进行中:只能用under
-- under control 控制之中 / under discussion 讨论之中 / under repairs修理之中
below 在下方(强调在斜下方)
-- She is sitting below the window
The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the
fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times.
be used as / be used to be 把…用作为
-- The box was used as a desk in the small village school.
-- The wooden box was used as a bookcase.
be used to do 被用来做…
-- The wooden box is used to contain books
In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.
Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted.
represent vt.代表
-- I represent all the classmates.
The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C.
dating 现在分词, 修饰remains
date from = date back to (开始于…, 起始于…)
-- The custom dating from 1990. (custom n.习惯, 风俗)
-- The tradition dates from the time when his grandfather was young.
-- The castle dates from the 14th century. = The castle dates back to the 14th century.
城堡建造于14世纪
Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.
happen to 偶然, 碰巧(强调事情的偶然发生)
-- I happen to have driven that kind of car. 我恰巧开过那种车。
-- He happened to find the ticket in his pocket.
It happens that +从句
-- It happened that I met her on my way to work.
= I happened to meet her on my way work.

