horror n.恐惧
abandon v.抛弃(因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物)
-- He abandoned his research because of the war.
desert (vt.放弃, 遗弃, 离弃) -- desert the army / desert the duty / desert his family
plunge v.投入,跳入(= jump or rush suddenly and wildly)
-- He got so angry that he plunge into the water.
-- When the ship Titanic sank in the ocean, a large number of people plunged into...
jump(侧重强调快速地跳) -- The boy is jumping up and down.
Leap vt. 跳跃, 跳越(-- He leapt out of the sleeping bad.)
Dive vi.潜水, 跳水, 下潜, 俯冲
lifeboat n.救生船
passenger n.乘客, 旅客
crew n.全体人员 ton n.吨, 大量, 许多
unsinkable adj.不会下沉的,不会沉底的
sinking n.沉没 Atlantic n.大西洋 adj.大西洋的
Alarm n.警报
Sharply adj.突然地, 急剧地, 强烈地, 尖锐地
Direct adj.直接的, 笔直的
Trembling adj.发抖的, 震颤的, 颤抖的 n.发抖, 震颤
Text 课文
What would have happened if only two of the sixteen water-tight compartments had been flooded?
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912.
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for... 背景介绍
sail for… 航海去往某处
set out for / set off for 出发去往某处
leave for / head for / make for 出发去往某处
-- He will set out for the Atlantic.
-- The plane is making for the airport.
-- We are heading for Canada.
She was carrying 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891.
She was carrying... (carry 表示载有)
a crew of 一组人员
Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
modern standards 现代的标准
by = according to 表示依据
-- by regulation依据规则 (regulation n.规则, 规章)
-- by rules依据条例(rule n.规则, 惯例)
-- by our estimate 依据我们的估计(estimate n.估计, 估价, 评估 v.估计, 估价, 评估)
-- by one's looks = by one's appearance 根据某人的长相(appearance n.外貌, 出现)
according to… 依据(事实、课文等客观存在的现实)
-- according to the fact 依据事实
-- according to the Text 依据这篇课文
in accordance with = according to
in accordance with… 依据(法律等),更加正式
-- in accordance with law / in accordance with rules
in my opinion 在我看来
At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was
regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.
At that time 在当时
not only... but(also)... 不仅…而且…
be regarded as = be considered to be = be thought of as 把...看作为
口语中:regard sb./sth. As + (n./porn./adj./doing/done)
-- I regard his idea as totally unacceptable.(adj.无法接受的, 不受欢迎的)
-- We can't regard the matter as settled.(adj.定下的, 决定的)
for 表示原因
Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float.
be able to 强调有能力
The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her
first voyage with heavy loss of life.
be remembered 被永远记住 (always adv.永远, 始终, 总是)
go down = sink
on her first voyage 处女航, 首航
with heavy loss of life 损失惨重, 造成大批人员的死亡
Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North
Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.
four days after setting out... = four days after setting off...
spotted = discovered
icy(adj.冰冷的, 冷淡的, 盖着冰的) waters(n.水域, 海域)
After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.
the alarm had been given 发出警报
to avoid... 不定式表目的
The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over
100 feet out of the water beside her.
Just in time 很及时
Missing… 现在分词做状语, 对主句的补充说明
which 指代the immense wall of ice
Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see
what had happened.
from below 从下方 / from above 从上方
The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged.
So faint that no one thought that...(so...that…)
Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her
sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded!
to one's horror 使某人感到惊恐
to one's surprise 使某人感到惊讶
The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.
The order was given 命令被下达 / to abandon ship 弃船(不定式做定语)
-- be able to do sth 能够做某事 / the ability to do sth 做某事的能力
-- order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 / the order to do sth 做某事的命令
-- be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事 / capability of doing sth 做某事的能力
ability(n.能力, 才干)
capable(adj.有能力的, 能干的, 有可能的)
capability(n.能力, 才能, 才干)
As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.
As = because
Special difficulties 难点
1>动词后加-er
如果是以不发音的e结尾的, 只加r(表示行为的主动者, 做某事的人)。
work à worker / teachàteacher / writeàwriter / readàreader
murder(vt.谋杀, 凶杀)à murderer(n.杀人犯, 凶手)
2>动词、名词后加-ist (表示某种主义信仰者, 从事某种职业、研究的人。)
Copy à copyist(n.抄写员, 模仿者)
type à typist(n.打字员)
novel(n.小说, 长篇故事)à novelist(n.小说作家)
drug(n.药)à druggist(n.药商, 药剂师)
tobacco(n.烟草, 烟草制品)à tobacconist(n.烟草商, 烟店)
3 >形容词后加-ness(抽象名词, 表示一种性质、情况、状态)
kind à kindness(n.仁慈, 亲切, 好意, 善意)
bitter à bitterness(n.苦味, 辛酸, 苦难)
happy à happiness(n.幸福, 快乐)--- 以结尾要变y为i加ness.
willing(adj.乐意的, 自愿的)à willingness(n.自动自发,积极肯干)
4>某些动词后加-ion,构成名词。
Suggest à suggestion
possess(vt.占有, 拥有, 持有)à possession(n.拥有, 占有)
collect à collection(n.收藏, 搜集品)
以-te结尾的动词, 把不发音的-e去掉, 在加-ion.
Translate(vt.翻译, 解释, 转化) à translation(n.翻译, 译文, 转化)
complete à completion(n.完成)
graduate(v.(使)(大学)毕业)à graduation(n.毕业, 毕业典礼)
某些以-aim/-ain结尾的动词、把-i去掉,在加-ation.
Explain(v.解释, 说明)à explanation(n.解释, 解说, 说明)
Exclaim(v.呼喊, 惊叫, 大声叫)à exclamation(n.惊叫, 喊叫)
5>(以-able/-ible结尾的)形容词之后加-ity变成(以-ability/-ibility结尾的)抽象名词
(表示性质、状态)
able à ability
probable(adj.很可能的, 大概的)à probability(n.可能性, 或然性, 概率)
possible(adj.可能的)à possibility(n.可能性, 可能发生的事物)
mobile(adj.可移动的, 机动的)à mobility(n.活动性, 灵活性, 机动性)
Exercise:
Violin(n.小提琴)à violinist(n.小提琴演奏者, 小提琴家)
Responsible(adj.有责任的, 可靠的)à responsibility(n.责任, 职责)
Careless(adj.粗心的, 疏忽的) à carelessness
1> physics(n.物理学)à physicist(n.物理学者, 唯物论者)
2> mine(n.矿v.开采, 开矿)à miner(n.矿工)
3> human(n.人类adj.人类的)à humanity(n.人性, 人类)
4> impress(vt.留下印象)à impression(n.印象, 感想)
-- make a good impression
5> original(adj.最初的, 原始的)à originality(n.创意, 创造性)
Multiple choice questions 多项选择
1... D maiden(n.少女, 处女 adj.未婚的, 纯洁的, 处女的)
-- on her first = maiden voyage 首航, 处女航
2…C course(n.过程, 路线, 课程)-- steep(adj.陡峭的, 险峻的)à steeply(adv.险峻地)
3... A
4... B on board her(her指代的是the great ship)
-- on board the plane 在飞机上 -- on board the train 在火车上-- on board the ship 在轮船上
5... D 表示下沉的可能性
6… D 有了“段时间”four days, 所以用过去完成进行时。
7... B so位于句首, 句子必须倒装。8... D
9... A veer(vi.转向vt.使转向)= turn
10... C just in time = with no time to spare 躲得很及时
in next to no time = at once = immediately
on a sudden impulse 凭一时的冲动(impulse n.冲动, 推动, 刺激)
11... B 重点在于下去调查
investigate(v.调查, 研究) examine(v.检查, 调查)
12... A room(n.空间) volume(n.容量, 容积) area(n.范围, 区域,地区) place(n.地方, 地点)

