Lesson 5. Bungee Jumping 高空弹跳

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Bungee jumping looks like fun. It makes me nervous just to watch someone do it. It certainly takes a lot of guts to jump one thousand feet above the water with only a rope tied to your legs. It scares me just to think about it. However, it is something I really want to do one day．

Some people think I''m crazy. They say to jump is foolish enough, but to have to pay for it is madness. I don''t agree. For me, to live a short and exciting life is far better than to live a long and boring one. What do you think?

高空弹跳看起来蛮好玩的。光是看别人做这件事就会让我紧张。双腿只用一条绳索绑着，从水面上一千尺的高度跳下的确需要很大的胆量。光是想到这点就够让我害怕的了。可是，这是我总有一天真的想做的事。

有些人认为我疯了。他们说去跳就已经够蠢了，而还要付钱则不啻为疯狂的行为。我并不同意。对我来说，过个短暂而剌激的生活比过漫长却无聊的日子好得多。你认为呢？

Vocabulary & Idioms

1. bungee jumping n. 高空弹跳

例：Bungee jumping looks exciting but l don''t dare try it.

高空弹跳看起来虽然很刺激，可是我不敢尝试。 2. nervous a. 紧张的

例：The young man lost the tennis match because he was too nervous.

那个年轻人因为紧张过度而打输了那场网球赛。

3. guts n. 勇气(恒用复数)

have the guts to + 原形动词

＝have the courage to + 原形动词

有做……的勇气/胆量

例：Do you have the guts to ask the boss''s secretary out to dinner?

你有胆子约老板的秘书出去吃晚餐吗?

4. rope n. 绳索

例：The robbers tied the bank guard with a piece of rope.

那些强盗用一条绳子把银行警卫给绑了起来。

5. tie vt. 绑，系

tie A to B 把A绑/系在B上

例：The cowboy tied his horse to a tree。

那位牛仔把他的马栓在树上。

6. scare vt. 惊吓

scare + 人 + to death 把某人吓得要死

例：The lion''s roar scared the kids to death．

那只狮子大吼—声把孩子们吓得要死。

7. crazy a. 疯狂的；狂热的

be crazy about... 对…疯狂/着迷

例：Tony is crazy about your sister.

汤尼为你妹妹疯狂。

8. foolish a. 愚蠢的

例：You were foolish to argue with the boss．

你真愚蠢竟和老板争辩。

9. pay for... 支付…

例：Ron chose the tie and his wife paid for it.

朗思选了那条领带，而由他太太出钱。

10. madness n. 疯狂似的行为(不可数)

例：The doctors don''t know how to cure his madness.

医生们对他的疯病束手无策。

mad a. 疯的

The mad woman ran around naked is the streets．

那个疯女人光着身子在街上到处乱跑

11. agree vi. 同意

agree with + 人同意某人(的看法)

例：You don''t have to agree with the boss on everything, do you?

你不必事事都同意老板的看法，不是吗？

12. exciting n. 令人兴奋的，刺激的(修饰事物)

excited a. 感到兴奋的(修饰人)

例：The exciting movie had a surprising ending.

那部刺激的电影结局出人意外。

The couple are excited about their new-born baby boy.

那对夫妇刚生了个小男孩，感到兴奋不已。

13. boring a. 令人厌烦的，无聊的

bored a. 感到厌烦的

be bored with... 对…感到厌烦

＝be fed up with...

＝be sick of...

＝be tired of...

例：Ted thinks office parties are almost always boring.

泰德认为办公室派对几乎都很无聊。

The students are bored with eating the same kind of box lunch every day.

那些学生们每天午餐吃—样的盒饭吃腻了。

Grammar Points

本课主要介绍用虚主语it代替不定式短语作主语，及不定式短语直接作主语的用法，另介绍"It takes + 表条件的名词 + to + 原形动词"及知觉动词的用法。

1. It makes me nervous just to watch someone do it.

光是看别人做这件事就会让我紧张。

It certainly takes a lot of guts to jump one thousand feet above the water...

…从水面上一千尺的高度跳下的确需要很大的胆量。

It scares me just to think about it.

光是想到这点就够让我害怕的了。

上列句中使用虚主语It代替不定式短语作主语的用法，因不定式短语作主语时，往往会形成主语过长的现象，故通常用代词It作虚主语，置于句首，而将真主语(即不定式短语)移至句尾。由此可加，上列例句原为：

Just to watch someone do it makes me nervous.

To jump one thousand feet above the water...certainly takes a lot of guts．

Just to think about it scares me.

试以虚主语it代替不定式短语作主语译出下列句子：中文：准时是有必要的。

英文：It is necessary to be on time.

中文：看到我生病的母亲受苦真是令我伤心。

英文：It hurts me to see my sick mother suffer.

中文：努力工作是值得的。

英文：It pays to work hard.

2. ...just to watch someone do it.

光是看别人做这件事……。

[注意]本句中，及物动词watch(看)接宾语someone后，另接原形动词do作宾语补足语。英文中，表“看”、“听”、“感觉”等三类及物动词称为知觉动词，接了宾语后，可用原形动词作宾语补足语，表已发生的事实；或用现在分词作宾语补足语，表进行的状态；亦可用过去分词作宾语补足语，表被动的概念。常见知觉动词如下：看：see、watch、look at(注视)。

听：hear、listen to。

感觉：feel。

a. 以原形动词作宾语补足语：旨在强调确有事情发生。

例：I saw her leave.

我看到她离开。

I heard him cry.

我听到他哭。

b. 以现在分词作宾语补足语：旨在强调事情正在发生。

例：I saw her leaving.

我看到她正要离开。

I heard him crying.

我听到他在哭。

When the teacher came in, I felt my legs trembling.

当老师进来时，我感觉自己的双腿在发抖。 c. 以过去分词作宾语补足语：旨在强调被动的状态。

例：I saw him robbed.

我看到他被抢了。

I heard the door shut.

我听见门被关起来了。

I felt myself lifted.

我感觉白已被举了起来。

3. It certainly takes a lot of guts to jump one thousand feet above the water...

…从水面上—千尺的高度跳下来的确需要很大的胆量。

上列句中，使用了“It takes + 表条件的名词 + to + 原形动词”的句型，表“从事…需要…的条件”。其中it是虚主语、代替其后的不定式短语(to + 原形动词)，此不定式短语才是真主语。

It takes + 表条件的名词 + to + 原形动词

从事…需要…的条件

例：It takes patience to be a good mother.

要做个好母亲需要有耐心。

It took courage for him to admit that he was wrong.

对他来说，要他承认自己是错的需要勇气。

4. ...with only a rope tied to your legs.

=...with only a rope which is tied to your legs.

双腿只用一根绳索绑着…。

[注意]本句中的tied to your legs 是过去分词短语，作形容词用，修饰前面的名词a rope，而tied之前则省略了which is。

5. They say to jump is foolish enough, but to have to pay for it is madness.

=They say it is foolish enough to jump, but it is madness to have to pay for it.

他们说去跳就已经够蠢了，而还要付饯却是疯狂的行为。

For me, to live a short and exciting life is far better than to live a long and boring one.

＝For me, it is far better to live a short and exciting life than to live a long and boring one.

对我来说，过个短暂而刺激的生活比过漫长却无聊的日子好得多。

a. 上述两句均可用虚主语it代替不定式短语，置于句首，而将不定式短语置于句尾。 b. 1ive a/an + 形容词 + 1ife 过着…的生活

=lead a/an + 形容词 + life

[注意]1ive可作不及物动词，作“居住”解，之后接表示场所的介词短语或地方副词。

例：Mr. Brown wants to live the country after he retires. (×)

-->Mr. Brown wants to live in the country(介词短语) after he retires. (√)

布朗先生退休后想要住在乡下。

We used to live there(地方副词).

我们以前曾住在那儿。

但live亦可作及物动词，表示“过(某种)生活”的意思，此时其后只能用其同系名词life(生
活)作宾语，本文即属此用法。

例：The famous singer lives a simple life.

=The famous singer leads a simple life.

那位名歌手过着简朴的生活。

Substitution

1. It makes me nervous just to watch someone do it.

It makes Mary go wild to hear Michael Jackson sing.

It surprised me to hear my mom scream.

光是看别人做这件事就会让我紧张。

听到迈克尔.杰克逊唱歌会让玛丽疯狂。

听到我妈妈尖叫令我惊讶。

2. It scares me just to think about it.

It is good for you to exercise regularly.

It is essential to have a physical checkup once a year.

光是想到这点就够让我害怕的了。

时常运动对你有益。

—年一次全身健康检查是必要的。

·Lesson 5. Bungee Jumping 高空弹跳

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