考研英语阅读B段解题策略和备考建议

1仔细阅读六个试题选项，正确理解每个选项的意思。对于谈论相似主体的选项，需区别内容的相同处和不同处，并牢记体现不同处的关键词语。

2快速浏览短文，依靠标题迅速抓住每篇短文的主题。浏览过程中若发现答题所需的具体信息，在词语或句子下面划线并标上所答的题号，以初步敲定。对那些暂时无法肯定的可暂且放置一边，留待第二次阅读时解决。

提示：在快速浏览短文时，要特别注意所给的标题或黑体字，这无疑是把握各篇短文主题的最佳途径，它们犹如门牌号码，可使我们在查找信息时直入大门，避免走弯路。最后，阅读问题部分的六个选项时，要抓住每选项的核心意义，这样有利于我们在查阅时迅速对号入座，减少误差。

3第二次阅读短文时必须有针对性，主要为了解决两个问题：一是仔细检查已初步认定的内容与单句是否匹配；二是找到第一遍浏览时尚未找到的信息。

4为确保准确无误，若有时间可再次将选项从短文中已选择的内容进行比较，检查有无谬误或疏漏之处。

一. 大纲解析

Directions:

You are going to read a text about the tips on resume writing, followed by a list if examples. Choose the best example fro, the list A-F for each numbered subheading (41-45). There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)

The main purpose of a resume is to convince an employer to grant you an interview. There are two kinds. One is the familiar "tombstone" chronological order. The other is what I call the "functional" resume-descriptive, fun to read, unique to you and much more likely to land you an interview.

It's handy to have a "tombstone" for certain occasions. But prospective employers throw away most of those un-requested "tombstone" lists, preferring to interview the quick rather than the dead.

What follows are tips on writing a functional resume that will get read-a resume that makes you come alive and look interesting to employers.

(41) Put yourself fist:

In order to write a resume others will read with enthusiasm, you have to feel important about yourself.

(42) Sell what you can do, not who you are:

Practice translating your personality traits, character, accomplishments and achievements into skill areas. There are at least five thousand skill areas in the world of work.

Toot your own horn!

Many people clutch when asked to think about their abilities. Some think they have none at all! But everyone does, and one of yours may just be the ticket an employer would be glad to punch-if only you show it.

(43) Be specific, be concrete, and be brief!

Remember that "brevity is the best policy."

(44) Turn bad news into good:

Everybody has had disappointments in work, If you have to mention yours, look for the positive side.

(45) Never apologize:

If you're returning to the work force after fifteen years as a parent, simply write a short paragraph (summary of background) in place of a chronology of experience, just don't mention education.

The secret is to think about the self before you start writing about yourself. Take four or five hours off, not necessarily consecutive, and simply write down every accomplishment in your life, on or off the job, that made you feel effective. Don't worry at first about what it all means. Study the list and try to spot patterns. As you study your list, you will come closet to the meaning: identifying your marketable skills. Once you discover patterns, give names to your cluster of accomplishments (leadership skills, budget management kills, child development kills etc.) Try to list at least three accomplishments under the same skills heading. Now start writing your resume as if you mattered. It may take for drafts or more, and several weeks, before you're ready to show it to a stranger (friends are usually too kind) for a reaction. When you're satisfied, send it to a printer; a printed resume is far superior to photocopies. It shows an employer that you regard job hunting as serious work, worth doing right.

Isn't that the kind of person you'd want working for you?

[A]A woman who lost her job as a teacher's aide due to a cutback in government funding wrote:” Principal of elementary school cited me as the only teacher's aide she would rehire if government funds became available."

[B] One resume I received included the following:” Invited by my superior to straighten out our organization's accounts receivable. Set up orderly repayment schedule, reconciled account weekly, and improved cash flow 100 per cent. Rewarded with raise and promotion.” Notice how this woman focuses on results, specifies how she accomplished them, and mentions her reward-all in 34 words.

[C] For example, if you have a flair for saving, managing and investing money, you have money management skills.

[D] An acquaintance complained of being biased when losing an opportunity due to the statement "Ready to learn though not so well educated".

[E] One of my former colleagues, for example, wrote three resumes in three different styles in order to fin out which was more preferred. The result is, of course, the one that highlights skills and education background.

[D] A woman once told me about a cash-flow crisis her employer had faced. She'd agreed to work without pay for three months until business improved. Her reward was her back pay plus a 20 percent bonus. I asked why that marvelous story wasn't in her resume. She answered, "It wasn't important." What she was really saying of course was "I'm not important."

[答案]

41.F 42.C 43.B 44.A 45.D

Sample four 段落标题的选择

选考题型之四--概括大意题

.一. 大纲样题解析：

Directions:

You are going to read a list of headings and text about plagiarism in the academic community. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use, Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

[A] What to do as a student?

[B] Various definitions of plagiarism

[C] Ideas should always be sourced

[D] Ignorance can be forgiven

[E] Plagiarism is equivalent to theft

[F] The consequences of plagiarism

Scholars, writers and teachers in the modern academic community have strong feelings about acknowledging the use of another person's ideas. In the English-speaking world, the term plagiarism is used to label the practice of not giving credit for the source of one's ideas. Simply stated, plagiarism is "the wrongful appropriation or purloining, and publication as one's own of the ideas, or the expression of ideas of another."

41.

The penalties for plagiarism vary from situation to situation. In many universities, In the literary world, where writers are protected from plagiarism by international copyright laws, the penalty may range from a small fine to imprisonment and a ruined career. Protection of scholars and writers, through the copyright laws and through the social pressures of the academic and literary communities, is a relatively recent concept. Such social pressures and copyright laws require writers to give scrupulous attention to documentation of their sources. 42.

Students, as inexperienced scholars themselves, must avoid various types of plagiarism by being self-critical in their use of other scholars' ideas and by giving appropriate credit for the source of borrowed ideas and words, otherwise dire consequences may occur. There are at least three classifications of plagiarism as it is revealed in students' inexactness in identifying sources properly. They are plagiarism by accident, by ignorance, and by intention.

43.

Plagiarism by accident, or oversight, sometimes is the result of the writer's inability to decide or remember where the idea came from. He may have read it long ago, heard it in a lecture since forgotten, or acquired it second-hand or third-hand from discussions with colleagues. He may also have difficulty in deciding whether the idea is such common knowledge that no reference to the original source is needed. Although this type of plagiarism must be guarded against, it is the least serious and, if lessons learned, can be exempt from being severely punished.

44.

Plagiarism through ignorance is simply a way of saying that inexperienced writers often do not know how or when to acknowledge their sources. The techniques for documentation-note-taking, quoting, footnoting, listing bibliography-are easily learned and can prevent the writer from making unknowing mistakes or omissions in his references. Although "there is no copyright in news, or in ideas, only in the expression of them," the writer cannot plead ignorance when his sources for ideas are challenged.

45.

The most serious kind of academic thievery is plagiarism by intention. The wrier, limited by his laziness and dullness, copies the thoughts and language of others and claims them for his own. He not only steals, he tries to deceive the reader onto believing the ideas are original. Such words as immoral, dishonest, offensive, and despicable are used to describe the practice of plagiarism by intention.

The opposite of plagiarism is acknowledgement. All mature and trustworthy writers make use of the ideas of others but they are careful to acknowledge their indebtedness to their sources. Students, as developing scholars, writers, teachers, and professional leaders, should recognize and assume their responsibility to document all sources from which language and thoughts are borrowed. Other members of the profession will mot only respect the scholarship, they will admire the humility and honesty.

41.F 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.E

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