2007年英语大纲样题

Sample Three

Directions:

You are going to read a text about the tips on resume writing, followed by a list of examples. Choose the best example from the list A-F for each numbered subheading (41-45). There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

The main purpose of a resume is to convince an employer to grant you an interview . There are two kinds . One in the familiar “tombstone” that lists where you went to school and where you’ve worked in chronological order. The other is what I call the “functional” resume——descriptive, fun to read , unique to you and much more likely to land you an interview.

It’s handy to have a “tombstone” for certain occasions. But prospective employers throw away most of those un-requested “tombstone” lists, preferring to interview the quick rather than the dead.

What follows are tips on writing a functional resume that will get read—a resume that makes you come alive and look interesting to employers.

(41) Put yourself first

In order to write a resume others will read with enthusiasm , you have to feel important about yourself.

(42) Sell what you can do ,not who you are :

Practice translating your personality traits . character, accomplishments and achievements into skill areas . There are at least five thousand skill areas in the world of work .

Toot your own born!

Many people clutch when asked to think about their abilities. Some think they have none at all! But everyone does, and one of yours may just be the ticket an employer would be glad to punch—if only you show it.

(43) Be specific , be concrete , and be brief!

Remember that “brevity is the best policy,”

(44) Turn bad news into good:

Everybody has bad disappointments in work.. If you habe to mention yours , look for the positive side.

(45) Never apologize:

If you’re returning to the work force after fifteen years as a parent , simply write a short paragraph(summary of background) in place of a chronology of experience . Don’t apologize for working at being a mother ; it’s the hardest job of all. If you have no special training or higher education, just don’t mention education.

The secret is to think about the self before you start writing about yourself .Take four or five hours off, nit necessarily consecutive , and simply write down every accomplishment in your life , on or off the job, that made you feel effective. Don’t worry at first about what it all means. Study the list and try to spot patterns . As you study your list , you will cone closer to the meaning: identifying your marketable skills. Once you discover patterns ,give names to your cluster of accomplishments(leadership skills ,budget management skills, child development skills etc.) Try to list at least three accomplishments under the same skills heading. Now start writing your resume as if you mattered . It may take four drafts or more ,and several weeks ,before you’re ready to show it to a stranger (friends are usually too kind) for a reaction . When you’re satisfied . send it to a printer; a printed resume is far superior to photocopies. It shows an employer that regard job hunting as serious work, work doing right.

Isn’t that the kind of person you’d want working for you?

[A] A woman who lost her job as a teacher’s aide due to a cutback in government funding wrote : “Principal of elementary school cited me as the only teacher’s aide she would rehire if government funds became available”

[B] One resume I received included the following : “Invited by my superior to straighten out our organization’s accounts receivable. Set up orderly repayment schedule , reconciled accounts weekly , and improved cash flow 100 per cent. Rewarded with raise and promotion.” Notice how this woman focuses on results , specifies how she accomplished them , and mention her reward—all in 34 words.

[C] For example , if you have a flair for saving , managing and investing money . you have money management skills.

[D] An acquaintance complained of being biased when losing an opportunity due to the statement “Ready to learn through not so well educated”

[E] One of my former colleagues, for example, wrote three resumes in three different styles in order to find out which was more preferred .The result is , of course, the one that highlights skills and education background.

[F] A woman once told me about a cash-flow crisis her employer had faced .She’d agreed to work without pay for three months until business improved .Her reward was her back pay plus a 20 percent bonus. I asked why that marvellous story wasn’t in her resume . She answered , “It wasn’t important.” What she was really saying of course was “I’m not important ”

Sample Four

Directions:

You are going to read a list of heading and a text about plagiarism in the academic community. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (4~5). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

[A] Watching related expenses and making wise choice

[B] Paying attention to details

[C] Weighing your financial goals and expectations first

[D] Maintaining realistic expectations

[E] Narrowing the search

[F] Not too special

Eating better. Exercising. Investing. There are a lot of things you know should be doing. The problem is that getting started always seems to be the hardest part. For many investors. mutual funds are a good way to go, but trying to sort through the number of available choices—now more than 10,000—makes this important task appear overwhelming. Let’s look at some ways to cut that number down to a reasonable size, as well as other factors to consider when selecting your first fund.

41.

Before you begin examining potential investments, it’s important to take some time to access your own goals and risk tolerance. If you start with a clear objective in mind, as well as an understanding as to how you might react if your investment loses money, you’ll be less likely to purchase a fund that doesn’t fit your needs. And that’s what often leads it disappointment. It is important to look for funds that are appropriate for both your goals and your investment temperament.

42.

One way to begin your search for a good fund is to use the Morningstar stat rating. The rating is a useful tool for narrowing the field to funds that have done a good job of balancing return and risk in the past. To assign rating, Morningstar uses a formula that compares a fund’s risk-adjusted historical performance with that of other funds within four rating groups—domestic stock funds, international stock funds, taxable bond funds, and municipal bond funds.

43.

Funds that invest solely in a single market sectors, called specialty funds, often have impressive returns and may be great additions to a diversified portfolio. However, the success of such funds depends largely on the fortunes of a particular market sector. Hence, specialty funds probably aren’t the best way to start. For your first fund, look for a diversified stock fund that has exposure to different types of stocks.

44.

There’s no free lunch in fund investing: in addition to the sales fees that some fund companies charge, fund investors must also pay management fees and trading cost. Unfortunately, you don’t necessarily get what you pay for—no one has ever shown that more expensive funds provide greater returns. Look for funds with reasonable costs. The expense ratio, which expresses annual costs as a percentage amount, is probably the best number to use when comparing mutual fund costs.

45.

Whatever the market does, try to take it in stride. You’re in for the long haul, so don’t worry about the market’s day-to-day gyrations. Relax and resist the temptation to monitor your first investment daily. Check in on your mutual funds once a month, and give your portfolio a thorough exam every 6 to 12 months. And consider adding to your fund each month. An automatic investment plan makes it a relatively painless process.

Finally, remember that the ultimate measure of your success as an investor depends not on your owning the best-performing mutual fund. Only one fund will be the top performer over the next decade, and there’s no way to predict which one it will be. Meeting your own financial goals should ultimately be the yardstick by which you measure your investment success.

Part C

Directions:

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually pout. It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. 46) Actually, it isn’t, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.

On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows that animals have none. 47) Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. Therefore, animals cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd; for exactly the same reason, so is the idea that tigers have rights. However, this is only one account, and by no means an uncontested one. It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people—for instance, to infants, the mentally incapable and future generations. In addition, it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it: how do you reply to somebody who says "I don't like this contract "?

The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless. 48) It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans , or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice . Better to start with another, more fundamental, question : is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?

Many deny it. 49) Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake – a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.

This view , which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely "logical". In fact it is simply shallow : the confused center is right to reject it. The most elementary form of moral reasoning -- the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl -- is to weigh other's interests against one's own. This is turn requires sympathy and imagination : without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough , for most, to engage sympathy. 50) When that happens, it is not a mistake : it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.

Part A

51 Directions

You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books. Write a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for:

1) detailed information about the books you want,

2) methods of payment,

3) time and way of delivery.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

Part B

52. Directions:

Study the following two pictures carefully and write an essay to

1) describe the picture,

2) deduce the purpose of the painter of the pictures, and

3) suggest counter-measures.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write your address. (10 points)

Section I Use of English

1.D 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.A 17.D 18.C 19.D 20.C

Section II Reading comprehension

Part A

21.D 22.B 23.D 24.C 25.A 26.C 27.D 28.B 29.A 30.D 31.A 32.C 33.D 34.B 35.A 36.C 37.A 38.B 39.D 40.B

Part B

Sample One: 41.B 42.F 43.E 44.A 45.C

Sample Two: 41.C 42.E 43.A 44.B 45.D

Sample Three:41.F 42.C 43.B 44.A 45.D

Sample Four: 41.C 42.E 43.F 44.A 45.D

Part C

46.事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为假设前提的，而这种共识并不存在。